To evaluate the effectiveness of transoral endoscopic laser surgery in the treatment of early laryngeal cancers in comparison to external radiotherapy.

Method: The patients included in the study were those who reported to the ENT department of a tertiary care hospital with early malignant lesions of the larynx.

Our study revealed a local recurrence rate of 15% in the radiotherapy arm but only 10% in the CO₂ laser arm; however, this difference was not statistically significant. The only parameter in the analysis of voice which showed a statistically significant difference between the two arms was roughness which was better in the radiotherapy arm at 6 months. The major complication following transoral CO₂ laser surgery was persistent hoarseness which was seen in six patients and it resolved completely on continuation of conservative measures. Severe laryngeal edema following treatment was seen in two patients. Statistically significant difference was noted in patient acceptability in favor of CO₂ laser.

Endoscopic CO₂ laser surgery in early laryngeal cancer leads to similar control of the disease as with the traditional methods, with better patient acceptability, low morbidity and good functional results.