International Journal of Head and Neck Surgery

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VOLUME 14 , ISSUE 1 ( January-March, 2023 ) > List of Articles

ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Clinical Profile and Management of Oral Cancer; Is Tobacco Ban the Need of the Hour? An ESIC Tertiary Care Hospital Experience

Suman Kharkwal, Sushanta Sarkar, Anbin TM Boban, Onkar Kaur, Anand K Verma

Keywords : Buccal mucosa, Demographic, Locally advanced, Oral cancer, Tobacco use

Citation Information : Kharkwal S, Sarkar S, Boban AT, Kaur O, Verma AK. Clinical Profile and Management of Oral Cancer; Is Tobacco Ban the Need of the Hour? An ESIC Tertiary Care Hospital Experience. Int J Head Neck Surg 2023; 14 (1):1-5.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1545

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 21-02-2023

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2023; The Author(s).


Abstract

Background: Oral cancer is the commonest cancer of males in India, and tobacco use is its most common modifiable risk factor. The study was conducted to provide the demographic profile and management outcomes of oral cancer in an exclusive labor-class population in an Employees, State Insurance Corporation (ESIC) Hospital, catering specifically to labor-class insured patients of low-income groups. Materials and methods: Data of patients presenting to the Surgical Oncology outpatient department (OPD), ESIC Basaidarapur, from the period January 2019 to May 2022 with cancer of the oral cavity were maintained prospectively in our computer database, and a retrospective analysis was done. Results: A total of 40 patients who presented in Surgical Oncology OPD with cancer of the oral cavity were included in the study. The most common age group affected was the 5th decade, and 52.4% of the patients belonged to the age group of 31–50 years of age. Gender preponderance stands at 5:1, in favor of males. Around 85.7% of the patients had a history of tobacco use. The most common subsite involved was the buccal mucosa (38.1%), followed by the tongue (26.2%), and lip (14.3%). About 76.2% of patients underwent upfront surgery, while 23.8% of patients received induction chemotherapy (ICT) before surgery. There were no postoperative (post-op) complications in 85.7% of the cases. Surgical site infection developed in 9.5% of the cases, while parotid fistula was seen in 4.5% of the cases. None of the cases showed submandibular gland involvement. The median lymph node harvest was 27 nodes. Lymphovascular invasion was seen in 46.1% of the cases. Perineural invasion was seen in 19.2% of the cases. Bone was involved in two out of the 40 cases (5%). As per the final histopathological examination (HPE) report, eight cases belonged to pT1 stage (20%), 17 cases to pT2 stage (42.5%), five cases to pT3 stage (12.5%), and five cases belonged to pT4 stage (12.5%). No residual tumor was found in three cases (7.5%). In 35% of cases, lymph nodes were found to be involved in the final HPE report. A positive margin was identified in only one out of the 40 cases. During follow-up, six out of the 40 cases presented with locoregional recurrence. Conclusion: Despite having a well-streamlined healthcare system for our insured patients, most presented with locally advanced stages, emphasizing the need for screening and awareness programs. Tobacco use was the single most modifiable risk factor in our study, highlighting the need for tobacco cessation programs and serious thinking for tobacco ban.


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