Epistaxis is the commonest otorhinolaryngological emergency affecting up to 60% of the population in their lifetime with 6% requiring medical attention.

The aim of this study was to find out the epidemiological profile of epistaxis in our area and to find out the effectiveness of various available eight treatment options.

This study was conducted to describe the etiological profile and treatment outcome of epistaxis. This was a prospective study of the cases of epistaxis from July 2012 to May 2013. Till date, the data regarding the management of epistaxis in our setting was not available. The purpose was to evaluate the clinical and management options for epistaxis in our settings.

A total of 100 patients with epistaxis were studied. Males were affected twice more than the females (2.6:1). Their mean age was 48.63 years (4-82 years). The commonest cause of epistaxis was idiopathic (33%) followed by trauma (21%) and hypertension (18%). Nonsurgical measures, such as light packing with cotton gauze soaked with local hemostatic (hemocoagulase) and antiseptic/antibiotic (36%), silver nitrate cauterization 20 (16%) and anterior nasal packing (15%) and observation alone (11%) were the main intervention methods in 78% of cases. Surgical measures mainly intranasal tumor resection was carried out in 3% of cases.

The most common etiological factor for epistaxis is idiopathic. Most cases were successfully managed with conservative treatment alone and surgical intervention may not be necessary in most cases and should be the last resort.

Hussain T. Effectiveness of Local Hemostatic Agents in Epistaxis. Int J Head Neck Surg 2014;5(1):1-5.

Criteria for defining ‘severe septal deviation’ and to describe the clinical profile of the same.

Retrospective study.

Hundred patients who were diagnosed with severe DNS and treated with extracorporeal septoplasty (ECSP) from September 2010 to December 2012, were retrospectively evaluated for this study. A review of their clinical charts formed the basis of this study.

Mattoo O, Muzaffar R, Khurshid RS, Islam S. Criteria for Defining ‘Severe Septal Deviation’. Int J Head Neck Surg 2014;5(1):6-8.

Rastogi V, Puri N, Mishra S, Sharma R, Yadav L, Sabharwal R. Dilemmas in Grading Epidermoid Carcinoma. Int J Head Neck Surg 2014;5(1):9-14.

Vahanwala SP, Mukherji S. Utilization of Saliva as a Diagnostic Fluid in Determination of Oral Cancer. Int J Head Neck Surg 2014;5(1):15-21.

Goswamy J, Murthy P. The Modified Hockey-Stick Incision for Neck Dissection. Int J Head Neck Surg 2014;5(1):22-24.

Kumar S, Sethi A, Singh SP, Sharma V. Oncocytoma Parotid Gland: A Case Report and Brief Review of Literature. Int J Head Neck Surg 2014;5(1):25-27.

Somashekara KG, Priya NS, Rao K, Shantharam L. Lymphoepithelial Cyst of Tonsil. Int J Head Neck Surg 2014;5(1):28-30.

Chauhan Y, Mukherji S, Bakshi NS. A Giant Undifferentiated Sarcoma of Parotid Gland: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Int J Head Neck Surg 2014;5(1):31-34.

Khaji SIH. Antihistamines in Clinical Dentistry offering a Choice for Second Possibility in Reported Cases of Allergy to Local Anesthetics: Report of Two Cases and Literature Review. Int J Head Neck Surg 2014;5(1):35-38.

Kulkarni GH, Khaji SI, Kulkarni HS, Metkari SB, Kulkarni R. Multiple Keratocysts of the Mandible in Association with Multiple Basal Epithelioma, Jaw Cysts and Bifid Rib Syndrome: A Rare Case Report. Int J Head Neck Surg 2014;5(1):39-41.

Kotecha JK. Fish Bone migrating into the Thyroid Gland. Int J Head Neck Surg 2014;5(1):42-44.

Harkare VV, Dhote KS, Deosthale NV, Khadakkar SP, Dhoke PR, Singh BS. A Giant Combined Laryngomucocele. Int J Head Neck Surg 2014;5(1):45-47.

This article is done in an attempt for encouraging for more introduction of these three flaps in head and neck reconstruction practice, and to encourage more studies be done to describe skin territory of cervical flap.

Three patients presented to oral and maxillofacial department, diagnosed as having different kinds of cancer. All were managed according to the evidence-based guideline of head and neck cancer management, including the work up, diagnosis, TNM classification, surgical treatment, adjuvant treatment and follow-up. In all the three cases, regional flaps were used to close the primary defect. For the first patient, transverse cervical flap was used, the sternocleidomastoid flap in the second and submental flap in the third one.

All flaps were easy to be harvested, in term of time and technique, and successful in term of viability, extension and in achieving the functional and cosmetic aim of reconstruction, with minimum donor site morbidity, all the patient are enjoying good quality of life.

The regional flaps have their place to overcome limitation of free flaps due to the shortage in the armamentarium available in the hospital, especially in low resources regions, or limitations related to patients general condition, in addition, regional flaps are the best option available in case of failed free flap, or when free flap failure is anticipated and avoided. Highlighting the different maneuvers in harvesting and using regional pedicled flaps for further extensions widens the scope of indications and giving the reconstructive surgeon variability of options in reconstruction, obviates the need for special microvascular expertise in free flaps with comparable results and relatively less complication.

Aloosi SN. Maneuvers in Regional Flap Use in Reconstruction of Primary Defects in Head and Neck Cancer Patients: Presentation of Three Cases. Int J Head Neck Surg 2014;5(1):48-55.